Expressing Preference - I like it!.. I don't like it!...
The usual verbs used to say:
Do you like something..? I like something.. I don't like something..
are as follows:
- sevmek - to love, to like
- sevmemek - not to love, not to like
- beğenmek - to like
- beğenmemek - not to like
- rica etmek - to request
- rica etmemek - to not request
Note that the word - rica - is of Arabic Origin and the pronunciation of the last letter -A is very open - pronounced ricAAA ederim - being Arabic, this word does not follow Turkish Pronounciation Rules.
- Listen to - Rica ederim
When a Turkish person asks if you like something, they normally ask in the Past Tense - Did you like the apple?
These type of questions are also answered in the Past Tense - Yes I liked the apple?
Some Examples
We can see from the examples below that Turkish usually uses the Past Tense in its questions and answers of Preferences. It is different in English as we use both Present and Past Tenses in these situations.
Asking Formally - with the -iniz form for the polite - you
- Yemeğinizi sevdiniz mi? or Yemeğinizi beğendiniz mi? - Did/Do you like your meal?
- Yemeği sevdim. or Yemeği beğendim - I like/liked the meal
Or you may NOT have liked it!
- Türkiye'yi sevdiniz mi? or Türkiye'yi beğendiniz mi? - Do/Did you like Turkey?
- Şunu sevmedim. or Şunu beğemedim - I don't like/ didn't like that.
- This shows the use of şunu - that one - in its disparaging meaning.
Or less formally using the -in familiar form for - you
- Türkiye'yi sevdin mi? or Türkiye'yi beğendin mi? - Did you like Turkey?
- Yolculuğu sevdin mi? -Did you enjoy the journey?
And a little "Formula Speak" - one might say...
- seni seviyorum! - Lit: I am loving you! - I love you..!
Turkish uses the Continuous Tense to say - I love you.. - as it is more vivid than the Simple Tense which we use in English.
Some more about the Negative
We have learned how to say that - we like something - using the verbs - sevmek - and - beğenmek..
To say that - we do not like something - we must use the negative verbs - sevmemek - and beğenmemek.
Some Examples of the Negative
- Yolculuğunuzu sevdiniz mi? - Did you like your journey?
- Hayır, yolculuğumu sevmedim - No, I didn't like my journey.
- Hayır, onu beğenmedim - No, I didn't like it.
- Bamyayı sevmiyor musunuz? - Don't you like okra?
- Yoo, bamyayı sevmem - No, I don't like okra (at all).
- Ankara,yı beğendiniz mi? - Did you like Ankara?
- Ankara'yı beğenmedim. - No, I didn't like Ankara.
Use of Simple Tense
Yoo, onu sevmiyorum. - No, I am not liking it (at the moment).
Note: the use - of - Yoo.. for No... This is a polite conversational way of saying No..
It actually comes from - yok - There isn't.. - but it is gentler than - hayır - the real No! which conveys a real negative feeling - and is used a lot in conversation.
Some other ways of Expressing Need
istemek - to want
Note: This word is a verb.
Need can be expressed with various verbs - the main one being - istemek - to want..
This can be answered with the verb rica etmek - to (would) like ... to request .. - very much like the - "bitte schön" - of German.
- İstediğiniz bir şey var mı? - Is there anything that you want?
- Bir havlu rica ederim - I would like (I request) a towel
ihtiyaç - necessity/need/requirement
Note: this word is a noun.
Another word which is used quite often is - ihtiyaç - necessity/need/requirement
- Bir ihtiyaçınız var mı? - Is there anything that you require? - lit: Have you a requirement?
- Evet, bir bardak su, rica ederim. - Yes, I would like (I request) a glass of water
arzu - wish, desire
Note: this word is also a noun.
Also there is the use of the noun - arzu - wish, desire
- Başka arzunuz var mı? - Is there any thing else (that you desire)?
This word is often used by shop keepers - grocers and the like - Anything else madam...? - when daily purchases are being made.
A Note about the very important word - Hoş
This word is used in many idioms and daily speech, and has many related meanings.
| Some of the many meanings of - hoş |
| hoş |
agreeable |
hoş |
amiable |
hoş |
amusing |
| hoş |
bonny |
hoş |
charming |
hoş |
congenial |
| hoş |
cosy |
hoş |
cozy |
hoş |
cuddly |
| hoş |
darling |
hoş |
debonair |
hoş |
delicious |
| hoş |
enchanting |
hoş |
engaging |
hoş |
entertaining |
| hoş |
fine |
hoş |
genial |
hoş |
good |
| hoş |
graceful |
hoş |
grateful |
hoş |
tolerant |
Some Further uses of - hoş
- pleasant, nice, agreeable, pleasing, genial
- quaint, charmingly unconventional
- (used with bir) - strange, odd, peculiar:
O şarkıyı duyunca Durmuş´un yüzü bir hoş oldu.
- When he heard that song Durmuş got an odd look on his face.
Midem bir hoş.
- My stomach feels funny.
Sami´nin söylediklerine hiç aldırma, kafası bir hoştur.
- Don´t pay any attention to what Sami says, his head has gone.
- even if:
Hoş, param da olsa almazdım.
- Even if I had the money I wouldn´t buy it.
- anyway, anyhow:
Hoş, bunu biliyordum.
- I knew this anyway.
- Hoş bulduk! - Thank you! (said in reply to a welcoming greeting).
- Hoş geçinmek /la/ - to get on well (with).
Mehmet'le hoş geçiniyoruz.
- We are getting on on well with Mehmet.
- Hoş geldiniz! - Welcome! (said to an arriving guest).
- Hoşa gitmek - to be pleasing,.
Hoşuma gitti
- I enjoyed it. [Hoş-um-a]
John'un hoşuna gitmiş [hoş-u-n-a ]
- It seems that John enjoyed it.
- Hoşuna gitmek /ın/ - to please.
Mehmet'in hoşuna gitti. [hoş-u-n-a ]
- Mehmet enjoyed it.
John'un hoşuna gitmiş [hoş-u-n-a ]
- It seem that John enjoyed it.
- Hoş görmek /ı/ - to be tolerant of, overlook, condone.
Polis, onu hoş görmek.
- The policeman tolerated it.
Bu çıkan problemi hoş gördük.
- We tolerated the poblem that happened.
- Hoş karşılamak /ı/ - to assent to, give one´s assent to.
Belediye, yeni ev planlarımı hoş karşılayacak.
- The Town Corporation will give assent to my new house plans.
- Hoş tutmak /ı/ - to be nice to, make (someone) feel welcome.
Lütfen yeni gelen turistleri hoş tutunuz.
- Please be nice to the newly arrived tourists
NOTE:
Very often you are adding suffixes to the important noun - HOŞ - goodness, joy [basically]
hoş = goodness
hoş-um = my goodness
hoş-um-a = to my goodness
hoş-um-a gitti = It went to my goodness = I enjoyed it
This is a Turkish IDIOM and much used
