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Adverbial Clauses of Time

There are many ways of saying - when.. - in English and of course the same applies in Turkish.

1. When I've painted the house, I am going on holiday.
2. As soon as I have painted the house, I am going on holiday.
3. After I have painted the house I am going on holiday.
4. On the house being painted, I am going on holiday.

We have all these choices in English to fine tune the meaning, and of course so does the Turkish Language. In some cases the choice is easy - in others it may alter the meaning slightly - so the choice of our expression always relies on the circumstance appertaining at the time.

Of couse as usual it is backwards in Turkish in order to have the main verb last in the sentence:

1. I shall go to the cafe when the job is finished - (English Constuction)
2.  
3. When the job is finished, I shall to the cafe. - (Turkish Constuction)
4. İş bitince, lokantaya gideceğim
5.  

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Some Examples with Turkish

1. When I got up, it was raining hard.
2. Yataktan kalktığım zaman çok yağmur yağıyordu.
3.  
4. When I was playing the piano, they were dancing.
5. Ben, piyano çalarken onlar dans ediyorlardı
6.  
7. I was very tired when I returned from the party.
8. Partiden döndüğümde çok yorgun idim. or (yorgundum)
9.  
10. My sister found the money when she was sweeping the carpet.
11. Kız kardeşim halıyı süpürürken parayı buldu.
12.  
13. When the rain stopped we returned to our houses.
14. Yağmur durunca evlerimize döndük
15.  

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Some "Formula" Examples

Translation of Before... By the time that... önce or -meden önce

1. I went out to play before I had dinner
2. Before I had dinner, I went out to play
3. Akşam yemeğini yemeden önce dışarıya oynamaya çıktım.
4.  
5. The sun had set in the west before we reached our destination.
6. Biz hedefimize varmadan önce güneş batıdan batmıştı.
7.  
8. We must go home before it gets dark.
9. Hava kararmadan önce eve gitmeliyiz.
10.  
11. We shall have had lunch by the time that the train gets to London.
12. Tren Londraya varmadan önce öğlen yemeğimizi yİyecektik.
13.  
14. My small brother had eaten all the pie before I got back.
15. Ben dönmeden önce küçük erkek kardeşim bütün böreği yemişti.
16.  
17. I will finish everything by the time my father comes home.
18. Babam eve gelmeden önce her şeyi bitireceğim.
19.  
20. The party will be over by the time we get there.
21. Biz oraya varmadan önce parti sona erecek.
22.  
23. By the time we got there, the meeting had already started.
24. Oraya varmadan önce toplantı başlamıştı bile.
25.  

If there is no verb in the sentence : -dan önce/-tan önce or -den önce/-ten önce is used:

1. Before May - Mayıstan önce
2. Before April - Nisandan önce
3. Before 5 o'clock - Saat beşten önce
4. Before 2 o'clock - Saat ikiden önce.

Thanks to Nurcan Akaltun Çiftçi for additions to the above section - JG - May 2008.

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Translation of - because of.. -dan dolayı or yüzünden

1. Because of what Mehmet has done we can never succeed.
2. Mehmetın yaptığıdan dolayı asla başaramayız

1. Because of what Mehmet has done we can never succeed.
2. Mehmetın yaptığı şey yüzünden asla başaramayız

1. Because of what Mehmet has done we will never be able to succeed.
2. Mehmetın yaptığı şey yüzülnden asla başaramayacağız [wıll not be able to].

Thanks to Nurcan Akaltun Çiftçi for additions to the above section - JG - May 2008.

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Translation of - after.. afterwards... sonra or -diktan sonra

1. I turned the lights off after my sister went to bed.
2. After my sister went to bed, I turned off the lights.
3. Kız kardeşim yattıktan sonra ışıkları söndürdüm.
4.  
5. After the plane took off, we ate our lunch.
6. Uçak havalandıktan sonra öğle yemeğimizi yedik.
7.  
8. I am going to ask the teacher a question after the class is over.
9. Ders bittikten sonra öğretmene bir soru soracağım.
10.  
11. I will write to you after I leave Ankara.
12. Ankara'dan ayrıldıktan sonra sana mektup yazacağım.
13.  
14. They went to the theater after they had finished their work.
15. İşlerini bitirdikten sonra tiyatroya gittiler.
16.  
17. We went to Italy after the war broke out.
18. Savaş çıktıktan sonra İtalya'ya gittik.
19.  

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Translation of - as.. -dığında, or -ınca or iken

1. Müge went to bed as the clock struck ten.
2. As the clock struck ten, Müge went to bed.
3. Saat onu vurunca Müge yattı.
4.  
5. As we were standing over the bridge, we saw a boat coming.
6. Köprünün üstünde ayakta dururken gelen bir gemi gördük.
7.  
8. As we went out of the house, we saw a man running down the stairs.
9. Evden dışarı çıkınca merdivenlerden aşağı koşan bir adam gördük.
10.  
11. As the snow was falling, the poor man was going home.
12. Kar yağarken zavallı adam evine gidiyordu.
13.  
14. As the boy was walking towards the seashore, he met a fisherman.
15. Çocuk deniz kıyısına doğru yürürken bir balıkçıya rastladı.
16.  

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Translation of - Just as... tam or iken

1. The phone rang just as I was leaving the house.
2. Just as I was leaving the house, the phone rang.
3. Ben, tam evden ayrılırken telefon çaldı.
4.  
5. Mehmet opened the door just as I began to speak about him.
6. Tam onun hakkında konuşmaya başladığım zaman Mehmet kapıyı açtı.
7.  
8. Just as I was leaving home, it started to rain.
9. Ben, tam evden ayrılırken yağmur yağmaya başladı.
10.  
11. Just as the teacher was cleaning the board, the inspector entered the class.
12. Tam öğretmen tahtayı silerken müfettiş sınıfa girdi.
13.  

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Translation of - As soon as... ...ir ...mez

1. We shall have tea as soon as my father comes home.
2. As soon as my father comes home we shall have tea.
3. Babam eve gelir gelmez çay içeceğiz.
4.  
5. They turned on the lights as soon as the film ended.
6. Film biter bitmez ışıkları açtılar.
7.  
8. We will come to see you as soon as the holidays start.
9. Tatil başlar başlamaz sizi görmeye geleceğiz.
10.  
11. As soon as Ayşe had finished her homework, she went out to play.
12. Ayşe ev ödevini bitirir bitirmez dışarıya oynamaya çıktı.
13.  
14. We shall go as soon as my father is ready.
15. Babam hazır olur olmaz gideceğiz.
16.  
17. As soon as you buy this novel, I will borrow it from you.
18. Sen bu romanı satın alır almaz onu senden ödünç alacağım.
19.  

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Translation of - While... iken or esnasında

1. We stayed at a hotel while we were in Istanbul
2. WhIle we were in Paris, we stayed at a hotel.
3. Biz İstanbul 'da iken bir otelde kaldık.
4.  
5. While the children were playing in the garden it started to rain.
6. Çocuklar bahçede oynarken yağmur yağmaya başladı.
7.  
8. While you are having your bath, I will listen to the radio.
9. Sen banyo yaparken ben radyo dinleyeceğim.
10.  
11. I will accompany the lady while she is singing.
12. Bayan şarkı söylerken ona eşlik edeceğim.
13.  
14. I read the book while I was in hospital.
15. Kitabı hastanede iken okudum.
16.  
17. While you are in Ankara, I will visit my friends.
18. Sen Ankara 'dayken arkadaşlarımı ziyaret edeceğim.
19.  

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Translation of - No sooner than... -masıyla.. bir oldu

1. The dance had no sooner started than the lights went out.
2. No sooner had the dance started then the lights went out.
3. Dansın başlamasıyla ışıkların sönmesi bir oldu.
4.  
5. No sooner had I returned from Ankara than l left for Paris.
6. Ankara'dan geri dönmemle Paris'e hareket etmem bir oldu.
7.  
8. He had no sooner got into bed than the window was opened.
9. Yatağa girmesiyle pencerenin açılması bir oldu.
10.  
11. Selda no sooner entered the room than the telephone rang again.
12. Selda'nın odaya girmesi ile telefonun tekrar çalması bir oldu.
13.  
14. Hasan had no sooner put down the receiver than the telephone rang again.
15. Hasan'ın ahizeyi yerine koyması ile telefonun tekrar çalması bir oldu.
16.  
17. No sooner did I see him, than I recognized him.
18. Onu görmemle tanımam bir oldu.
19.  
20. No sooner had the stranger opened the gate than the dog barked at him.
21. Yabancının bahçe kapısını açmasıyla köpeğin ona havlaması bir oldu.
22.  

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Translation of - Whenever... her ne zaman

1. Whenever I started to speak English, my friend used to laugh.
2. My friend used to laugh whenever I started to speak English.
3. Her ne zaman İngilizce konuşmaya başlasam arkadaşım gülerdi.
4.  
5. You may visit us whenever you come to Istanbul.
6. Her ne zaman İstanbul'a gelirsen bizi ziyaret edebilirsin.
7.  
8. Whenever I sing a song, my sister goes out of the room right away.
9. Her ne zaman şarkı söylesem kız kardeşim derhal odadan dışarı çıkar.
10.  
11. Whenever we go to Bursa, we climb up the mountain.
12. Her ne zaman Bursa'ya gitsek dağa tırmanırız.
13.  
14. I can't sleep whenever I drink too much coffee.
15. Her ne zaman çok kahve içsem uyuyamam.
16.  

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Translation of - Everytime that... her (zaman)

1. Every time I meet her, she wants me to take her to the cinema.
2. Ona her rastlayışımda kendisini sinemaya götürmemi ister.
3.  
4. Every time we go to the circus, our children buy Ice cream.
5. Sirke her gidişimizde çocuklarımız dondurma Satın alırlar.
6.  

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Translation of - The minute that... The moment that.. the instant that.. ...ir ...mez

1. I'II ring you up the minute Meral comes here.
2. Meral buraya gelir gelmez sana telefon edeceğim.
3.  
4. The moment I finished my homework, my father turned the radio on.
5. Ev ödevimi bitirir bitirmez babam radyoyu açtı.
6.  

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Translation of - Directly that ... As soon as... ...ir ...mez

1. I will give him the message directly I get there.
2. Oraya varır varmaz ona mesajı vereceğim.
3.  
4. Directly I had finished my homework, I realized that I had made a mistake.
5. Ev ödevimi bitirir bitirmez bir yanlış yapmış olduğumu anladım.
6.  

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Translation of - Immediately that.. As soon as.. - ...ir ...mez

1. You are to come home immediately the dance ends.
2. Dans biter bitmez eve geleceksin (gelmelisin).
3.  
4. They are going to inform us immediately they hear the news.
5. Haberi duyar duymaz bize bildirecekler.
6.  

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Translation of - Once... When... As soon as... ...ir ...mez

1. Once my father leaves home, we can do the dishes.
2. Babam evden ayrılır ayrılmaz bulaşıkları yıkayabiliriz.
3.  
4. Once you have got the habit of playing cards, it is not easy for you to give up.
5. İskambil oynama alışkanlığını elde ettiğiniz zaman, ondan vazgeçmeniz sizin için kolay değildir.
6.  

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Translation of - Now that... When that... -diği zaman

1. Now (that) you mention it, I do remember.
2. Ondan bahsettiğiniz zaman, elbet hatırlıyorum.
3.